This proposed rule would amend the Department of Education’s (the Department’s) regulations to implement Executive Order 13831 (Establishment of a White House Faith and Opportunity Initiative). Among other changes, this rule proposes to provide clarity regarding the rights and obligations of faith-based organizations participating in the Department’s programs. This proposed rule would also implement Executive Order 13854 (Improving Free Inquiry, Transparency, and Accountability at Colleges and Universities) and proposes to ensure that postsecondary institutions that receive Federal research or education grants comply with free speech rights guaranteed by the First Amendment (for public entities) and with stated institutional policies regarding freedom of speech (for private institutions). The proposed rule would also define the phrase controlled by a religious organization” in Title IX. This proposed rulemaking aligns with the Department’s goal of implementing its programs and activities consistent with the First Amendment to the Constitution and the requirements of federal law, including the Religious Freedom Restoration Act.